TO THE SPELLING DESCRIPTION OF ADVERBS AND SIMILAR COMBINATIONS ON THE BASIS OF THE MODERN USUAL NORM

For most adverbs and adverbial combinations, the tradition of writing has been long established. Therefore, the codification of the common spelling norm of the adverbial lexicon is justified. The strict morphological approach, initially laid as the basis for the rules, is recognized as ineffective when choosing a spelling for words formed from combinations of nouns with prepositions. The grammatical status of many units whose spelling presents a problem is sometimes difficult to determine. In this regard, a combined description was undertaken, on the one hand of merged and separately written adverbs and, on the other, prepositional-case forms of nouns, primarily those that act as equivalents of adverbs. This approach is in line with the academic tradition, derived from the Правила 1956, and is oriented to the communication. The exclusion from the spelling rules of the known methods of determining the merged written adverbs that do not meet the requirements for spelling rules is substantiated, namely: 1) uncommonness of the nominal part after separating the prefix, 2) the impossibility of inserting a word between the prefix and the root without changing the meaning, and 3) statement of the case question. Analyzed lexical material was considered from the point of view of the possibility to describe in terms of algorithms, which are for mulated on the basis of explicit formal criteria (morphemes, finals, initial parts) and / or easily defined semantic criteria (meaning components). We managed to identify 16 such rules. In the appendix are placed the so-called dictionary words with individual spelling rules (there are about 500 of them).