PROBLEMS OF FIXING AND LEXICOGRAPHICAL DESCRIPTION OF COMMUNICATIVES (REVEALED IN THE COURSE OF WORK ON THE EXPLANATORY DICTIONARY OF THE RUSSIAN EVERYDAY SPEECH (EDRES))

The article is devoted to the study of communicatives and the experience of their description in the modern “Explanatory dictionary of Russian everyday speech” (EDRES). Communicatives are words-utterances, inflexible words or expressions used in dialogues (usually as replies, less often initially). They are stereotypical reactions of the speaker to the preceding remarks or the content of the conversation. From a formal point of view, they are frozen expressions or immutable forms of words (often nouns or verbs) that have developed a new meaning associated with the assessment of the situation or words of the interlocutor in the dialogue. Communicatives are not always fixed in dictionaries, because they are difficult to recognize and identify in the oral dialogue due to their idiomatic semantics, a special syntactic role and specificity of grammatical features. The problems of the description of communicatives in the dictionary are related to the lack of a single view on their morphological (grammatical) properties and the nature of the expressed meaning. Traditionally, communicatives are not distinguished as independent linguistic units. They are described in the dictionary as special values of individual forms or the meaning of any part of speech used in the function of a particle or interjection. We argue that communicatives can become full-fledged units of the dictionary. Their semantics should be described through the indication of the speech act type or the speaker's intention, the nature of the expressed assessment, as well as through the description of the pragmatic conditions for the implementation of their meaning and prosodic features of speech.