Contribution to etymology of several russian dialectal words


2018. № 4 (18), 85-95

 Vinodradov Russian Language Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Abstract:

The paper deals with the etymological research of nine Russian dialectal words:

хару́жи, витязно́й, воня́ть, взве́нье, оребный, гре́зни, набута́киваться, брешни растопели, ку́мушки. For the word хару́жи are presumed three different ways of morphemic division and, consequently, three probable etymologies: from Proto-Slavic*skarati, Proto-Slavic *rǫgati and to Gypsy хar-. The word витязно́й is connected with the root вить (< *viti). The word воня́ть in the sense to get dark before the rain?ʼ is combined with the same verb in meaning ʽto smell pleasant or badʼ, the author rejects its relationship with the word внять. The noun взве́нье ʽwolf's lairʼ is directly elevated to the verb взве́нить in the sense ʽto rotʼ. Оребный in conjunction with the word ветер is considered as borrowing, it is built from the Veps. raibak, -m Sod.Vg.a ʽcold, chill (wind) ʼ. For the noun гре́зни ʽfaceʼ is supposed derivation from грязь ʽdirtʼ with a change of the root vowel, the author offers some semantic parallels. For the verb набута́киваться in the meaning ʽbecomes cloudy, overcastʼ is offered the development of meaning from beat (with noise)ʼ through ʽto puddleʼ. The phrase брешни растопели is regarded as semantic iteration, in which брешень — ʽ a break in the snow filled with waterʼ. For the nounку́мушки ʽfloeʼ possible etymological interpretations are: 1. from кум m., кума f. (that can be proved by semantic parallels of the same kinship terms with meaning ʽflowing waterʼ and in astronomy) or 2. from the verb кумошить ʽto throw in messʼ.