SEMANTICS OF THE LEXICAL ITEMS PUT' AND DOROGA ('THE WAY' AND 'THE ROAD') IN THE MODERN RUSSIAN LANGUAGE AND THE ARKHANGELSK DIALECTS

This article considers the semantics of two Russian synonyms - put' ‘the way’ vs doroga ‘the road’ in the literary Russian language and in the dialects of Arkhangelsk region. All the types of meanings of the words exist in the dialects as well as in the literary language. The meanings of put’ and doroga are closer in dialects; but a number of differences is revealed in their semantic components and referential types. Put' has a seme “contact surface”, so it is used in descriptive constructions and with descriptive attributes. On the contrary, doroga has an actual semantic component “movement”, marginal for literary language; it forms a quite different semantic image of the word in the dialects. Put' in its methaphorical sense “principles, ethic rules, actions and behavior of a person” is connected with the Old Russian meaning of this word and correlates with religious Christian ideas, wheares the symbolic sense of doroga corresponds to a magic actions, sorcery and, in general, to the pagan picture of the word.