FOREIGN NEOLOGY IN THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE: ORTHOLOGICAL CONFLICT OF SPELLINGS

This paper deals with two approaches to the notion of orthographic correctness. The first approach involves imperativeness of the existing codifying sources, which clearly divide correct spelling and errors with neglect of linguistic contradictions. This sometimes entails disputable codifications. The second approach takes into account the ambiguity of phonetic substitutions in loanwords (хеллоуин / хелуин, мондиаль / мундиаль) as well as changes in the degree of divisibility (старт-ап / стартап), the differently directed effect of orthographic analogies (соц-арт / соцарт), contradictions between the formal approach of orthographic rules and the real word pronunciation (риелтор / риэлтор), and other linguistic factors. Proceeding from the material of foreign neologisms it is shown how external, foreign and intralingual influences come into conflict in the determination of the written form of a word. Other examples exhibit intrasystem orthographic collisions, for instance in the transfer of double consonants or the hardness of a consonant in front of [e]. Eventually it is stated that the lack of alternative spellings in the area of neological vocabulary is void of linguistic foundation in a number of cases. The existence of two competing linguistic factors is a linguistic foundation for orthographic variativity.