PRINCIPLES OF LEXICOGRAPHIC REPRESENTATION OF PARONYMIC FORMULAS

The article is devoted to paronymic lexical-semantic paradigms and stable combinations of paronyms-attractants, which can be called paronymic “formulas”. The author defines paronymy as a systemic linguistic phenomenon of convergence of words that sound similar, but diff er in morphemic composition and semantics, which becomes possible due to the allocation of quasimorphs in them, a kind of euphonic etymons. A distinction is made between systemic linguistic paronymy and paronomasia and paronymic attraction as its discursive manifestation. Proceeding from the fact that stable paronymic connections in the language system are usually motivated by reality, the author suggests that the individual author’s paronymic attraction is oriented towards the language model and is perceived as a semantic relation precisely against its background. The article examines paronymic correlations presented in poetry, prose, non-fi ction literature, everyday speech, explicit and implicit, intentional and spontaneous contaminations, interpreted, however, as an attempt at a language game. At the same time, “formulaicity” does not depend on the genre of speech, since it is predetermined by the language system. Paronymic “formulas” are defi ned as stably reproducible correlations of attractants, repeated in various texts by diff erent authors and representing lexical-semantic paradigms. The article sets the task of creating a dictionary of paronyms that refl ects the syntactics and semantics of paronymic attraction, taking into account the typology of quasimorphemes, semantic-syntactic characteristics of attractants, their contact or distant location, operations on meanings. The conclusion is made that, based on the limiting calculation of possible general linguistic quasi-morphemes-etymons, such a dictionary would have great predictive power regarding the emergence of new correlations and contamination of paronyms in diff erent types of discourse.