LINGUO-ETHNOGRAPHIC CONTEXT IN DESCRIBING THE REALITY OF TRADITIONAL LIFE

The article reflects the results of a comprehensive study of one ethnographic reality — the drive lever of a mechanical spinning wheel. The sources of the material are the data of Pskov dialects. Special attention is paid to the Pskov-Belarusian border area and the comparative aspect of Belarusian and border Russian dialects. The system and typological connections of a large group of realia names are considered. The dominant motivational types and their interrelation are revealed, due to the motor-visual nature of the assessment of the movement of the self-spinning drive lever itself. A separate part of the work reveals the specifics of the name мальчик, which in its dialect semantics implements the universal semantic model ‘little child’ ~ ‘pupil’ (мальчики в глазах — ‘ripples in the eyes’). Dialect data indicate the localization of this name mainly in the Southern Moscow dialects, that is, in the area of the Pskov-Belarusian border, while the remaining 14 words are distributed in the central zone of the Pskov historical core. The linguistic and geographical features of the word allow the author to suggest a typological connection of this name with the functioning of the word лялька in Belarusian dialects. According to the Belarusian dialectography, the lexeme лялька also reflects a universal semantic model: ‘little child/little man’ ~ ‘pupil’. Ethnocultural data indicate a functional convergence of the traditional doll and the lever of self-spinning as objects of use in the communicative practices of youth festivities.