SEMANTIC POTENTIAL OF PARTICLES AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF LEXICAL AND GRAMMATICAL OPTIONS: THE WORD AND NORM BORDERS

The article analyzes lexical-grammatical character of the particles and their functional filling. As the units of morphology they have the certain paradigmatic relations and syntagmatic connections, presented by morphological valency and morphological combinability. Their categorical contents condition synonymy, existing among them and revealing by the analysis. Among the articles the antonymy and homonymy also exist, evidencing for complex semantics and character of their contents. Regularly the polysemy connects with the synonymy of discourse words. The particles extend semantic functions and develop the polysemy. Semantic functions of the discourse word arrange and express themselves in the limits of their scope. As not independent units the particles haven’t certain syntactic function, but they include themselves in the morpho-syntactic constructions. Diverse speech innovations in contemporary Russian language form. There is the language norm in the sphere of particles and the limits of the norm exist and arise.