ETYMOLOGIES of RUSSIAN DIALECTISMS (trat’, snytki, nateshit’, otvoinyi)

The paper discusses dialectisms трать, снытки, натешить, отвойныйну, whose morphemic and semantic structure allows to expand the lexical base of etymological nests slav. *terti, *snuti/*snovati, *tesati, *viti and yet provides new arguments for the interpretation of some isolated formations. Verb *tьrati, derived from *terti with a root vocalism based on the present tense, was more widespread as evidenced by the verbal formations attested in different parts of the Slavic area (blr. dial. трáнне ‘рвань, лохмотья’, польск. tracz and etc.). The general context provides the key to understanding obscure formations, among them russ. dial. траить ‘wipe (face, hands)’, some verbs with expressive perefixes sa-/se- (slovac. dial. satrit ‘to clear the hemp field of weeds’) and etymologically difficult kashub. tråt ‘human and animal waste’, tråta ‘gęsta zacierka’ explaining as a substantive participle on -t from verb *tьrati. The affiliation of the dial. снытки is justified to the nest of *snuti/*snovati/*snyvati The study of the semantics and scope of use verb тешить (snowfall, berry picking etc.) leads to the restoration of one of the semantic branches v. *tesati on the basis of the Russian language. For the adjective отвойный in the meaning of ‘big, huge’ and ‘dexterous’ in general semantic basis is restored within the nest вить.