ARCHAIC AKANYE AND YAKANYE IN SOUTH RUSSIAN DIALECTS: AREAL CHARACTERISTIC

The article explores the characteristics of South Russian dialects with archaic types of akanye and yakanye. The analysis of handwritten materials collected in the middle of the last century for the "Dialectological Atlas of the Russian language" (DARL) is carried out. These materials are supplemented, and in some cases clarified, by the data of modern expeditions to the same or neighboring dialects. Dialects with archaic vocalism are heterogeneous: in the southern part of the area, the Oboyan yakanye prevails, and in the central and northern Zadonsk yakanye prevails. The vocalism of the dialects of the southern part is very stable: both according to DARL and according to modern expeditions, the archaic akanye and the Oboyan archaic yakanye are well preserved in these dialects. Conversely, the dialects of the central and northern parts of the range with the Zadonsky type of yakanye are heterogeneous and unstable. In some of them, two types of yakanye are recorded: Zadonsky and "moderate" Zadonsky, in others there is a tendency to the emergence of moderatedissimilative yekanye. The article considers materials of Voronezh dialects, which, according to DARL, are characterized by mixed types of pre-stressed vocalism after soft consonants with a Zadonsk yakanye at the base. The type of vocalism of dialects village Itobnoe and village Dmitrievka is specified. The materials of the expeditions of recent years on the dialects of the Belgorod, Voronezh and Lipetsk regions are analyzed, the materials of the handwritten sets of the DARL on the dialects of the villages of Verkhnyaya Colybelka and Otskochnoye and later audio recordings made in these villages and analyzed in the articls of various researchers are compared.