THE PROBLEM FIELD OF PHRASEOLOGY IN THE LIGHT OF CORPUS DATA

The approach to phraseology using corpus data and tools has strengthened the understanding of phraseology as a discipline that studies any syntactically organized combinations of lexemes. This broad circle includes all subordinate phrases; they have optional gradual and mutually independent properties of stability and/or idiomaticity, while the property of “reproducibility” of a phrase is no longer considered a distinctive feature of phrasemes. Based on the material of collocations of the прямая линия model (прямой смысл, прямое родство), it is shown that the minimal difference between a phraseme and a free collocation is that the semantics of a phraseme is characterized by at least “weak idiomaticity”, which is created by the difference in the frequencies of the collocation components and manifests itself in this difference, which allows calculating the “idiomaticity index”, in which the frequency of the key and the frequency of the collocate are correlated with the frequency of the collocation and with the frequency of each other. It is shown that in the list of 40 collocations with the key прямой, ranked by decreasing “idiomaticity index”, in its first half there is a noticeable predominance of collocations that in three academic dictionaries are given with an explanation or clarification, i. e. taking into account some idiomaticity of the collocation. However, in general, the relevance of frequency features of weak idiomaticity is not clear; it is quite possible that these features are different for collocations of different syntactic and lexical-semantic models.