POETIC LANGUAGE: STRATIFICATION AND METHODS OF DESCRIPTION

The author, making a point of the most accurate stratifi cation of the poetic language as a system and the simultaneous concretization of the ways of describing the resulting strata, considers discursive and sociolinguistic approaches to defi ning the specifi cs of poetry as a linguistic and speech phenomenon that manifests itself in the individual and collective creativity of poets and its reception by readers. The article analyzes the existing definitions of poetry as a special type of discourse, which is a supra-linguistic code that assumes dialectical interaction along the lines “author — text” and “text — reader” in a dynamic process of artistic (co) creativity. Noting as a plus that the discursive approach interprets the poetic text as a special communicative event, the author also notes that adherents of the discursive defi nition of poetry rely on the concepts of “language” and “text” and point to their inherent social dimension. This allows us to make a choice in favor of the sociolinguistic model, which seems to be more promising. Within the framework of this model, a connection is established between the poetical and linguistic phenomena of the micro and macro levels: the idiolects and languages of poetry schools are in the jurisdiction of microsociopoetics, the phenomena that are determined at the level of intergroup interaction, the languages of generations, as well as regional and non-national koines, become the subject of macrosociopoetics. The article also raises the question of the existence of writers and readers’ sociolects with movable boundaries.