THE MAIN TENDENCIES OF WORD FORMATION IN RUSSIAN LITERARY LANGUAGE OF 19th CENTURY

The article discusses the main trends in word creation in the Russian literary language of the XIX century. It is noted that word creation during this period develops unevenly. In the first half of the XIX century, it is represented mainly in poetic texts, in the second half of the XIX century, the innovations are concentrated mainly in prose. The main groups of productive innovations are compound adjectives, names of persons, abstract nouns. It is revealing that in the literary language of the XIX century potential words predominate, gradually the number of occasional words increases. New trends in word creation are noted: expansion of the range of motivating words, including phraseological units, interjections, pronouns; use of contamination and cross-word overlapping; active formation of innovations based on foreign words; the increase in the number of intertextual innovations; the use of non-usual ways of word formation (substitution, deprefixation, etc.); formation of evaluative adjectives by overstepped word formation (bazarstvuyushchij, lyagushestvuyushchij); the use of colloquial words, dialectisms, jargonisms as the derivational basis. Innovations are intensively used in a number of individual styles, in connection with this the individual styles of writers are identified, for which word-creation is characteristic (such as P.A. Vyazemsky, A.I. Herzen, L.A. Mei, N.S. Leskov, F.M. Dostoevsky and others.).